Keywords
prevalence
antibiotic resistance
resistance mechanisms
empirical treatment
How to Cite
Abstract
Introduction: Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are among the most common pathologies. Their incidence varies according to age and sex. Evaluating the prevalence of uropathogens and the antibiotic sensitivity profile is essential for proper management, establishing early treatments to reduce severity, morbidity and resistance selection. Objectives: To describe the prevalence, antibiotic resistance and resistance mechanisms of UTI agents in the community from Córdoba city, Argentina. Materials and methods: A total of 6824 urine cultures from patients with suspected UTIs in the community were analyzed from April 1st to September 30th 2022, at the LACE S.A. Laboratory, Córdoba, Argentina. The overall etiology and distribution of uropathogens by age and sex were evaluated. Results: About 24.0% of urine cultures were positive for UTIs. The mean age of the population evaluated was 58 years (SD=19.83). UTIs were more prevalent in women than in men and increased with age. The microorganism mainly isolated was Escherichia coli, representing 72.6% of the total, maintaining this prevalence in all age groups and in both sexes. The resistance percentages to the main antimicrobials for Enterobacterales were: ampicillin 64.9%, ciprofloxacin 42.3%, ampicillin/sulbactam 39.9% and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (TMS) 36.2%. Additionally, in this group of microorganisms, 12.6% produced extended-spectrum beta-lactamases and 1.1% carbapenemases. Conclusion: Escherichia coli was the microorganism mainly isolated, with resistance rates higher than 20% for ampicillin, ciprofloxacin and TMS. Therefore, according to the recommendations of the “Argentine Intersociety Consensus on Urinary Tract Infections”, these antibiotics should not be used empirically. This context highlights the importance of guiding empirical treatment considering age and local resistance profile,a nd conducting periodic surveillance studies.
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