Kidney transplant and procurement of bioartificial organs

Abstract

Kidney transplantation is the treatment of choice for patients with end-stage renal disease. Renal transplant rejection is characterized by damage to the glomerular basement membrane with proteinuria and progressive graft failure ¹. The condition of the kidney after transplantation takes two forms: (1) acute cellular rejection (ACR), in which cytotoxic T lymphocytes and other inflammatory cells invade the renal parenchyma; and (2) antibody-mediated rejection, which is defined by the presence of specific donor antibody, the morphological evidence of acute injury and histological evidence of an antibodies mediated process².